Pseudo-academic writings on the outcome of the Russia-Ukraine War

In this essay, I offer a short critique of the article by Anatol Lieven newly published in Responsible Statecraft entitled “Where the war in Ukraine could be headed in 2023.” 

There are many articles on this subject appearing in Western media as we enter the new calendar year.  I single out Lieven because he brings to the subject a certain expertise in Russian affairs, impressive academic credentials earned at respected institutions of higher education and a reasonably long period of service as a professor.  In a word, what we have here is an apparently academic contribution to the discussion presented by an apparently academic minded publisher.

However, let the buyer beware. What I see here in reality is pseudo-academic writing in a pseudo-academic think tank environment.

The author offers three scenarios for the conclusion of the war this year, namely by Ukrainian victory, by Russian victory and by stalemate. So far, so good. However, as we go into each scenario it is clear that Lieven has cut the narrative to lead to a predetermined outcome which just happens to provide encouragement to the people who are paying his way. The notion that this writer could be following the truth wherever it leads him relates to some other world, not the one in which Lieven operates.

Lest the reader seek to raise the same objection to my writing, I state here and now that, unlike Lieven, I have no prediction on the war’s outcome, because the strategic, let alone the tactical intentions of the Russian military in particular are at this moment entirely opaque, which is a credit to the Kremlin’s ability to hold a secret.

War reporting presently coming from Kiev and from Moscow is totally contradictory and if you do not have money on one or the other horse, you do well to guard your silence till the power balance on the ground becomes clearer thanks to an offensive launched by one side or the other.

Back to Lieven and his first scenario of an outright Ukrainian victory, by which he means the recapture of the territories occupied by Russia, a breakthrough to the Sea of Azov. He acknowledges that this would require Kiev to overcome “a major challenge” posed by Russia, and yet he holds it out as a possibility given the way the Ukrainian forces have surprised us by their valor in this war. 

Let us be frank. Even among the Capitol Hill hawks, we now see outright acknowledgement these days that the chances of Ukraine liberating its lost territories are negligible. This particular scenario is offered by Lieven as red meat to the war hawks in Washington, who want to believe in the Ukrainian chance of success to justify the billions in aid now being sent their way. To make the scenario still more worthy of time and attention, and to throw a sop to its backers given its unlikelihood, Lieven sets out the risks inherent in a Russian defeat, namely some insane escalation such as Russia’s bombing Poland, Romania or other country delivering the arms to Ukraine, leading to a direct confrontation between Moscow and Washington. But a nuclear showdown, says Lieven, could point to a peace agreement in Ukraine, one that might be sweetened for Washington if at the same time Putin were removed from power.

Putin removed from power?  How, and by whom? 

As I have said in the past to those in the West calling for Putin’s removal, think carefully about what you wish for. Given the present day atmosphere of wartime Russia and profound social consolidation behind the armed forces, any successor to Putin coming from the ruling elites will be far more aggressive than the urbane and restrained Vladimir Vladimirovich.  There are today Russian patriots calling for the removal of Lavrov as Minister of Foreign Affairs and of Shoigu as Minister of Defense and their replacement by much tougher, no nonsense statesmen. A replacement for Putin will surely arrive with his finger on the button, ready to launch a first strike nuclear attack.

Lieven’s narrative with respect to a Russian victory is equally cut to meet his preferred outcome, not an outcome dictated by the facts.  From the very start, he argues that the Russians are stuck in defensive posture and have no near term plans for an offensive.  And what is meant by the near term?  And why not look just beyond that time period?

From this, without further ado, Lieven argues essentially that the two forces are in stalemate, his third scenario.  Why stalemate? Because they have each suffered 100,000 or more casualties.   Says who?  Here we have the issue of Lieven’s uncritical reliance on US and British intelligence estimates.  And what if the actual correlation of losses is 10 Ukrainians to 1 Russian, as some Russian estimates claim? 

Just take a look at the latest development in the war on the ground. Yesterday, the Russian military command announced the results of their “revenge” strike against the Ukrainian forces in retaliation for the loss of 93 dead during the New Year’s eve Ukrainian artillery barrage on a Russian barracks in Makeyevka, Donbas.  The Russians now targeted Ukrainian barracks in Kramatorsk, where there also were high concentrations of soldiers, and they claim to have killed 600 Ukrainian soldiers.  Six to one.  A reasonable figure to use in our calculations of losses of the sides generally.  No better or worse than 1:1.

In closing, I remind readers that I have directed attention to one of the more seemingly judicious and informed journalists reporting to Western media on the war.  Yet, here too the Piper plays the tune he is given..

©Gilbert Doctorow, 2023

Translations below into German (Andreas Mylaeus), French (Youri) and Brazilian Portuguese (Evandro Menezes)

Pseudo-akademische Texte über das Resultat des Krieges zwischen Russland und der Ukraine

In diesem Aufsatz biete ich eine kurze Kritik des Artikels von Anatol Lieven an, der kürzlich in Responsible Statecraft mit dem Titel “Wohin der Krieg in der Ukraine im Jahr 2023 führen könnte” veröffentlicht wurde.

Zu Beginn des neuen Kalenderjahres erscheinen in den westlichen Medien viele Artikel zu diesem Thema. Ich wähle Lieven aus, weil er ein gewisses Fachwissen über russische Angelegenheiten, beeindruckende akademische Zeugnisse, die er an angesehenen Hochschulen erworben hat, und eine recht lange Dienstzeit als Professor mitbringt. Mit einem Wort, wir haben es hier mit einem scheinbar akademischen Diskussionsbeitrag zu tun, der von einem scheinbar akademisch gesinnten Verleger vorgelegt wird.

Der Käufer sollte sich jedoch vorsehen. Was ich hier in Wirklichkeit sehe, ist ein pseudoakademischer Text in einem pseudoakademischen Think-Tank-Umfeld.

Der Autor bietet drei Szenarien für das Ende des Krieges in diesem Jahr an, nämlich einen ukrainischen Sieg, einen russischen Sieg und eine Pattsituation. So weit, so gut. Im Laufe der Betrachtung der einzelnen Szenarien wird jedoch deutlich, dass Lieven das Narrativ so zugeschnitten hat, dass es zu einem vorherbestimmten Ergebnis führt, das zufällig diejenigen Leute ermutigt, die seinen Lebensunterhalt bezahlen. Die Vorstellung, dass dieser Schriftsteller der Wahrheit folgen könnte, wohin auch immer sie ihn führt, bezieht sich auf eine andere Welt, nicht auf die, in der Lieven agiert.

Damit der Leser nicht denselben Einwand gegen meinen Text erhebt, stelle ich hier und jetzt fest, dass ich im Gegensatz zu Lieven keine Vorhersage über den Ausgang des Krieges machen kann, denn die strategischen, geschweige denn die taktischen Absichten insbesondere des russischen Militärs sind derzeit völlig undurchsichtig, was der Fähigkeit des Kremls, ein Geheimnis zu bewahren, zur Ehre gereicht.

Die Kriegsberichterstattung, die derzeit aus Kiew und aus Moskau kommt, ist völlig gegensätzlich, und wer nicht auf das eine oder das andere Pferd setzt, tut gut daran, sich in Schweigen zu hüllen, bis das Kräfteverhältnis vor Ort durch eine Offensive der einen oder anderen Seite klarer wird.

Zurück zu Lieven und seinem ersten Szenario eines vollständigen ukrainischen Sieges, womit er die Rückeroberung der von Russland besetzten Gebiete und einen Durchbruch zum Asowschen Meer meint. Er räumt ein, dass dies von Kiew die Überwindung einer “großen Herausforderung” durch Russland erfordern würde, und dennoch hält er es angesichts der Art und Weise, wie die ukrainischen Streitkräfte uns in diesem Krieg durch ihre Tapferkeit überrascht haben, für möglich.

Lassen Sie uns offen sein. Selbst unter den Falken auf dem Capitol Hill wird heutzutage offen zugegeben, dass die Chancen der Ukraine, ihre verlorenen Gebiete zu befreien, verschwindend gering sind. Dieses spezielle Szenario wird von Lieven als rotes Fleisch für die Kriegsfalken in Washington angeboten, die an die ukrainischen Erfolgschancen glauben wollen, um die Milliardenhilfen zu rechtfertigen, die jetzt in die Ukraine fließen. Um dem Szenario noch mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit zu widmen und den Befürwortern angesichts seiner Unwahrscheinlichkeit ein Bonbon zukommen zu lassen, führt Lieven die Risiken einer russischen Niederlage auf, nämlich eine wahnwitzige Eskalation wie die Bombardierung Polens, Rumäniens oder eines anderen Landes, das Waffen an die Ukraine liefert, was zu einer direkten Konfrontation zwischen Moskau und Washington führen würde. Aber ein nuklearer Showdown, so Lieven, könnte auf ein Friedensabkommen in der Ukraine hindeuten, das für Washington damit versüßt werden könnte, dass gleichzeitig Putin von der Macht entfernt würde.

Putin von der Macht entfernt? Wie, und durch wen?

Wie ich bereits in der Vergangenheit zu denjenigen im Westen gesagt habe, die Putins Absetzung fordern, sollten Sie sich genau überlegen, was Sie sich wünschen. In der heutigen Atmosphäre des kriegerischen Russlands und der tiefgreifenden sozialen Konsolidierung hinter den Streitkräften wird jeder Nachfolger Putins, der aus den Reihen der herrschenden Eliten kommt, weitaus aggressiver sein als der weltgewandte und zurückhaltende Wladimir Wladimirowitsch. Es gibt heute russische Patrioten, die die Absetzung von Lawrow als Außenminister und von Schoigu als Verteidigungsminister und ihre Ersetzung durch viel härtere, unbestechliche Staatsmänner fordern. Ein Ersatz für Putin wird sicherlich mit dem Finger auf dem Knopf kommen, bereit, einen nuklearen Erstschlag zu starten.

Lievens Darstellung eines russischen Sieges ist ebenfalls auf das von ihm bevorzugte Ergebnis zugeschnitten und nicht auf ein Ergebnis, das von den Fakten diktiert wird. Von Anfang an argumentiert er, dass die Russen in einer defensiven Haltung verharren und keine kurzfristigen Pläne für eine Offensive haben. Was aber ist mit “kurzfristig” gemeint? Und warum nicht gleich über diesen Zeitraum hinaus?

Daraus folgert Lieven kurzerhand, dass sich die beiden Kräfte in einer Patt-Situation befinden, seinem dritten Szenario. Warum Pattsituation? Weil sie jeweils 100.000 oder mehr Verluste erlitten haben. Sagt wer? Hier haben wir das Problem, dass Lieven sich unkritisch auf die Schätzungen der amerikanischen und britischen Geheimdienste verlässt. Und was ist, wenn die tatsächliche Relation der Verluste bei 10 Ukrainern zu 1 Russe liegt, wie einige russische Schätzungen behaupten?

Werfen Sie einen Blick auf die jüngste Entwicklung im Krieg vor Ort. Gestern gab die russische Militärführung die Ergebnisse ihres “Rache”-Schlags gegen die ukrainischen Streitkräfte als Vergeltung für den Verlust von 93 Toten während des ukrainischen Artilleriebeschusses in der Silvesternacht auf eine russische Kaserne in Makejewka im Donbass bekannt. Die Russen haben nun ukrainische Kasernen in Kramatorsk angegriffen, wo sich ebenfalls viele Soldaten aufhielten, und behaupten, 600 ukrainische Soldaten getötet zu haben. Sechs zu eins. Eine realistische Zahl, die wir für unsere Berechnungen der Verluste der beiden Seiten im Allgemeinen verwenden können. Nicht besser oder schlechter als 1:1.

Abschließend möchte ich die Leser daran erinnern, dass ich die Aufmerksamkeit auf einen der scheinbar umsichtigeren und sachkundigeren Journalisten gelenkt habe, der in den westlichen Medien über den Krieg berichtet. Doch auch hier gibt der Pfeifer den Ton an.

Écrits pseudo-académiques sur l’issue de la guerre Russie-Ukraine

Dans cet essai, je propose une courte critique de l’article d’Anatol Lieven récemment publié dans Responsible Statecraft et intitulé « Où la guerre en Ukraine pourrait se diriger en 2023. »

De nombreux articles sur ce sujet paraissent dans les médias occidentaux alors que nous entrons dans la nouvelle année civile. J’ai choisis Lieven parce qu’il apporte au sujet une certaine expertise dans les affaires russes, qu’il a des diplômes académiques impressionnants obtenus dans des établissements d’enseignement supérieur respectés et une expérience raisonnablement longue en tant que professeur. En un mot, ce que nous avons ici est une contribution apparemment académique à la discussion présentée par un éditeur apparemment académique.

Cependant, que l’acheteur se méfie. Ce que je vois ici en réalité, c’est une écriture pseudo-académique dans un environnement de groupe de réflexion pseudo-académique.

L’auteur propose trois scénarios pour la conclusion de la guerre cette année, à savoir par la victoire ukrainienne, par la victoire russe et par l’impasse. Jusqu’ici tout va bien. Cependant, au fur et à mesure que nous examinons chaque scénario, il devient évident que Lieven a adapté le récit pour aboutir à un résultat prédéterminé qui revient juste à approuver les personnes qui le paient. L’idée que cet auteur pourrait suivre la vérité à la trace se rapporte à un autre monde, pas celui dans lequel Lieven opère.

De crainte que le lecteur ne cherche à soulever la même objection à mon écriture, je déclare ici et maintenant que contrairement à Lieven, je ne fais aucune prédiction sur l’issue de la guerre, car les intentions stratégiques, et surtout tactiques, de l’armée russe en particulier, sont à ce stade entièrement opaques, ce qui fait honneur à la capacité du Kremlin à détenir un secret.

Les reportages de guerre venant actuellement de Kiev et de Moscou sont totalement contradictoires et si vous n’avez pas misé sur l’un ou l’autre cheval, vous feriez bien de garder le silence jusqu’à ce que le rapport de force sur le terrain se clarifie grâce à une offensive lancée d’un côté ou l’autre.

Revenons à Lieven et son premier scénario de victoire ukrainienne pure et simple, par lequel il entend la reconquête des territoires occupés par la Russie et une percée vers la mer d’Azov. Il reconnaît que cela nécessiterait que Kiev surmonte « un défi majeur » posé par la Russie, et pourtant il le présente comme une possibilité étant donné la façon dont les forces ukrainiennes nous ont surpris par leur valeur dans cette guerre.

Soyons francs. Même pour les faucons de Capitol Hill, on constate aujourd’hui que les chances que l’Ukraine libère ses territoires perdus sont négligeables. Ce scénario particulier est proposé par Lieven comme de la viande rouge aux faucons de guerre à Washington, qui veulent croire aux chances de succès de l’Ukraine pour justifier les milliards d’aide qui lui ont été envoyés. Pour rendre le scénario encore plus digne de temps et d’attention, et pour donner un coup de pouce à ses partisans compte tenu de son improbabilité, Lieven expose les risques inhérents à une défaite russe, à savoir une escalade insensée comme le bombardement russe de la Pologne, de la Roumanie ou d’un autre pays livrant les armes à l’Ukraine, conduisant à une confrontation directe entre Moscou et Washington. Mais une confrontation nucléaire, dit Lieven, pourrait déboucher sur un accord de paix en Ukraine, lequel pourrait être favorable pour Washington si, en même temps, Poutine était chassé du pouvoir.

Poutine écarté du pouvoir ? Comment et par qui ?

Comme je l’ai dit dans le passé à ceux qui, en Occident, réclamaient la destitution de Poutine, réfléchissez bien à ce que vous souhaitez. Compte tenu de l’atmosphère actuelle de la Russie en temps de guerre et de la profonde cohésion sociale derrière les forces armées, tout successeur de Poutine issu des élites dirigeantes sera bien plus agressif que le courtois et mesuré Vladimir Vladimirovitch. Il y a aujourd’hui des patriotes russes qui réclament la destitution de Lavrov au poste de ministre des Affaires étrangères et de Choïgou au poste de ministre de la Défense et leur remplacement par des hommes d’État bien plus durs et pragmatiques. Un remplaçant de Poutine arrivera sûrement le doigt sur le bouton, prêt à lancer une première attaque nucléaire.

Le récit de Lieven concernant une victoire russe est également biaisé pour atteindre un résultat voulu, et non un résultat dicté par les faits. Dès le début, il soutient que les Russes sont coincés dans une posture défensive et n’ont aucun plan à court terme pour une offensive. Et qu’entend-on par court terme ? Et pourquoi ne pas regarder juste au-delà de cette période ?

À partir de là, sans plus tarder, Lieven soutient essentiellement que les deux forces sont dans l’impasse, son troisième scénario. Pourquoi impasse ? Parce qu’ils ont subi chacun 100 000 victimes ou plus. Cela a été dit par qui ? Nous avons ici le problème de la confiance dépourvue d’esprit critique de Lieven dans les estimations des services de renseignement américains et britanniques. Et si la corrélation réelle des pertes était de 10 Ukrainiens pour 1 Russe, comme le prétendent certaines estimations russes ?

Jetez un coup d’œil aux derniers développements de la guerre sur le terrain. Hier, le commandement militaire russe a annoncé les résultats de sa frappe de « vengeance » contre les forces ukrainiennes en représailles à la perte de 93 morts lors du barrage d’artillerie ukrainien de la nuit de la Saint-Sylvestre sur une caserne russe à Makeïevka, dans le Donbass. Les Russes ont maintenant pris pour cible les casernes ukrainiennes de Kramatorsk, où il y avait également de fortes concentrations de soldats, et ils affirment avoir tué 600 soldats ukrainiens. Six contre un. Un chiffre raisonnable à utiliser dans nos calculs de pertes des deux côtés. Ni meilleur ni pire que 1:1.

Pour terminer, je rappelle aux lecteurs que j’ai attiré l’attention sur l’un des journalistes apparemment les plus judicieux et les plus informés qui ont rendu compte de la guerre dans les médias occidentaux. Pourtant, ici aussi le joueur de pipeau joue la partition qu’on lui donne.

Obras pseudo-acadêmicas sobre o resultado da Guerra Russo-ucraniana

Neste ensaio, ofereço uma breve crítica do artigo por Anatol Lieven recém publicado em Responsible Statecraft, entitulado “Para onde poderia se encaminhar a guerra na Ucrânia em 2023”. 

Há muitos artigos sobre este assunto aparecendo na mídia ocidental ao começar este novo ano. Destaco o de Lieven porque ele contribui à discussão com certa competência em assuntos russos, credenciais acadêmicas impressionantes de respeitadas instituições de educação de nível superior e um período relativamente longo como professor. Em suma, se tem aqui aparentemente uma contribuição acadêmica à discussão apresentada por uma editora aparentemente voltada à academia.

Entretanto, é preciso cuidado. O que vejo aqui de fato é uma obra pseudo-científica num ambiente pseudo-acadêmico de centro de especialistas.

O autor propõe três cenários para a conclusão da guerra neste ano. A saber, com a vitória da Ucrânia, com a vitória da Rússia e com um impasse. Até agora, tudo bem. Porém, ao se entrar em cada cenário, fica claro que o Lieven abreviou a narrativa para levar a uma conclusão predeterminada que, por acaso, encoraja as pessoas que o pagam. A noção de que este autor poderia estar perseguindo a verdade onde quer que ela o levasse se refere a um outro mundo, não ao mundo em que o Lieven opera.

Para que o leitor não tente levantar a mesma objeção à meu ensaio, afirmo aqui e agora que, ao contrário de Lieven, não tenho nenhuma previsão sobre o resultado da guerra, porque a estratégia, sem mencionar as particulares táticas dos militares russos, está neste momento totalmente obscura, o que é um crédito à capacidade do Kremlin de manter um segredo.

Os relatórios de guerra vindos atualmente de Kiev e de Moscou são totalmente contraditórios e, se não se fizeram apostas num ou noutro cavalo, melhor manter-se o silêncio até que o equilíbrio de forças na área fique mais claro, graças a uma ofensiva lançada por um ou pelo outro lado.

De volta a Lieven e a seu primeiro cenário de uma completa vitória da Ucrânia, com o que ele quer dizer a retomada dos territórios ocupados pela Rússia, um avanço para o Mar de Azov. Ele reconhece que isso exigiria que Kiev superasse “um grande desafio” colocado pela Rússia, mas ele considera uma possibilidade, dada a forma como as forças ucranianas surpreenderam com sua bravura nesta guerra.

Sejamos francos. Mesmo entre os membros belicistas do Capitólio, agora os vemos admitirem abertamente que as chances da Ucrânia libertar seus territórios perdidos são mínimas. Este cenário particular é oferecido por Lieven como isca para os belicistas em Washington, que querem acreditar na chance da Ucrânia ter sucesso para justificar os bilhões em ajuda que agora estão sendo enviados para ela. Para tornar o cenário ainda mais digno de tempo e atenção, e para consolar seus apoiadores, dada a sua improbabilidade, Lieven expõe os riscos inerentes a uma derrota russa, ou seja, uma escalada insana, como a Rússia bombardeando a Polônia, a Romênia ou outro país, entregando armas para a Ucrânia, levando a um confronto direto entre Moscou e Washington. Mas um confronto nuclear, diz Lieven, pode sugerir um acordo de paz na Ucrânia, que pode apaziguar Washington se ao mesmo tempo Putin for removido do poder.

Putin afastado do poder? Como e por quem?

Como disse antes, para aqueles no Ocidente pedindo a remoção de Putin, que pensem cuidadosamente sobre o que desejam. Dada a atmosfera atual na Rússia em tempo de guerra e a profunda consolidação social por trás das forças armadas, qualquer sucessor de Putin vindo das elites governantes será muito mais agressivo do que o cortês e comedido Vladimir Vladimirovich. Há hoje patriotas russos pedindo a remoção de Lavrov como Ministro das Relações Exteriores e de Shoigu como Ministro da Defesa e sua substituição por estadistas muito mais firmes e sem contra-senso. Um substituto para Putin certamente chegará com seu dedo no “botão”, pronto para lançar um primeiro ataque nuclear.

A narrativa de Lieven em relação a uma vitória russa é igualmente moldada para satisfazer seu resultado preferido, não um resultado ditado pelos fatos. Desde o início, ele argumenta que os russos estão atrelados a uma postura defensiva e que não têm planos de curto prazo para uma ofensiva. E o que se entende por curto prazo? E por que não se considerar além desse período de tempo?

A partir disto, sem mais delongas, Lieven argumenta basicamente que as duas forças estão num impasse, seu terceiro cenário. Por que um impasse? Porque cada um deles sofreu 100.000 ou mais baixas. Quem disse? Aqui temos de questionar a confiança pouco crítica de Lieven sobre as estimativas das inteligências dos EUA e da Grã-Bretanha. E se a correlação real de perdas for de 10 ucranianos para 1 russo, como alegam algumas estimativas russas?

Basta dar uma olhada no mais recente desenvolvimento da guerra na área. Ontem, o comando militar russo anunciou os resultados de seu ataque de “revidada” contra as forças ucranianas, em retaliação pela perda de 93 mortos durante a barragem de artilharia ucraniana na véspera de Ano Novo num quartel russo em Makeyevka, Donbas. Os russos agora visavam os quartéis ucranianos em Kramatorsk, onde também havia grandes concentrações de soldados, e afirmam ter matado 600 soldados ucranianos. Seis a um. Um valor razoável para se usar em nossos cálculos de perdas de ambos lados em geral. Nem melhor, nem pior do que 1:1.

Em suma, lembro aos leitores que chamei a atenção para um dos jornalistas que relatam a guerra na mídia ocidental aparentemente mais criterioso e informado. No entanto, aqui também o Flautista toca a melodia que lhe é dada.

25 thoughts on “Pseudo-academic writings on the outcome of the Russia-Ukraine War

  1. Hi Gilbert,
    One point I can note about western “intellectuals” is that they tend to change their tune based on the environment. For example, Fred Weir is candid on Iranian TV, yet his articles are mostly drivel. Lieven was insightful in a Simone Weil symposium, yet produces turgid nonsense in the Soros-front Quincy institute.
    Just a thought

    Liked by 2 people

  2. I agree proposing that both sides have lost equal numbers of troops seems ridiculous given the asymmetrical nature of the conflict, with Russia relying on air strikes right across the country, and Ukraine replying with a great deal less, and preferring, light, high mobility ground forays using Starlink intel (real time pictures of the enemy’s positions). Air supremacy is always going to inflict high fatalities – high mobility forays inevitably invite logistical backup that is readily targetted.
    It looks as if Russia is content to to simply reduce numbers of Ukrainian troops, without any major territorial gains – in fact is prepared to cede territory, if it preserves their own numbers. So it settles into an expensive (for Ukraine) war of attrition. I don’t see this as a stalemate because Ukrainian resources are finite – even with generous contributions from NATO – these too are plainly finite. At some point, the conflict simply becomes unsustainable for Ukraine. Russia, I think has gauged its logistical needs carefully, adjusted these with a mobilisation, although I’m not convinced they’ve called up just the numbers they publicly admit to. I suspect they are happy to ‘de-militarise’ as the first step of their special military operation.

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  3. The book “Russia Against Napoleon” by Anatol Lieven’s brother Dominic is magisterial and very sympathetic to Russia. Gives too a very different portrait of Alexander I from the one we are used to in the west and illustrates that he orchestrated the winning alliance. Can therefore believe that Anatol Lieven is a credible and sympathetic commentator if he chooses to be. But you are spot on. The piper pays the tune.

    I studied the Soviet Union back in the 80s. Our tutor was an Oxford Sovietologist who I thought at the time was quite sensible. Although, like all of them he did not predict the collapse of the USSR and described the party having pretty much total control of society. Maybe that was true pre Gorbachev but I am less sure now. He has now turned up as Director of a think tank in a Baltic State. I watched a video he made for the UK RUSI think tank last year. The level of Russophobia with zero context of western provocations and non reflection of western aggressive wars in recent decades was shocking. But then when you look at who funds RUSI and his think tank then it becomes obvious why. These guys have careers and they want to pay the rent.

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    1. I have had similar thoughts. I guess we are in the Fog of War and in reality we do not know. Every utterance by every participant is either intended to achieve a propaganda result or confuse the enemy. Even Ukraine saying it needs hundreds of tanks does not prove that they have lost hundreds.

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  4. “Six to one. A reasonable figure to use in our calculations of losses of the sides generally. No better or worse than 1:1”. Not sure if you are suggesting the ratio is 6:1, or 1:1. The fact is that no-one really knows, so 1:1 in the circumstances seems reasonable. The only thing we know for sure, is that one country has invaded another and bagged some territory, in flagrant breach of the most basic international law. After almost a year of this madness, I still need to pinch myself that this is really going on in the 21st century.

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    1. Given the nature of the warfare along with Ukrainian slips (and reports) as to the level of losses they are suffering, 1:1 is not just unreasonable, it’s fantasy. Granted, however, no matter where we end up (prior to any substantial information being provided) we are dealing in speculation.

      Breaches of international law have been committed by the U.S. (along with NATO and various “coalitions”) with regularity in the past 50 years. “International law” seems to be something of a fluid term upon which one side or the other hangs its hat to make accusations. Legalism never addresses provocation, in all its forms, and is a poor measure of justification in the modern world.

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    2. Your summation of what has happened is weakened very much by the fact that Ukraine refused to implement the Minsk 2 agreements as it was obliged to do under international law. The “bagged” territory seems to have been a later consequence of the Russian intervention, and was not an initial aim. In all of this it is well worth remembering that people live in these territories and have opinions of their own. Undoubtedly many want out of the country of Ukraine. How to balance the right to self determination and a nation’s sovereignty is an unresolved legal problem, though an International Court of Justice found that “the declaration of independence of Kosovo adopted on 17 February 2008 did not violate international law”.

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      1. I recommend the words of Antonio Guterres, the UN general secretary, spoken on the day Russia invaded. The use of force by one country against another is the repudiation of the principles that every country has committed to uphold. This applies to the present military offensive. It is wrong. It is against the Charter. It is unacceptable”. Couldn’t be clearer.

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      2. “After almost a year of this madness, I still need to pinch myself that this is really going on in the 21st century.” Really, you must have been asleep for the first 20 years- try to remember Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria… Presently US troops are illegally in Syria and Iraq- is that a problem for you? Do you think that Ukraine had an obligation to implement the Minsk agreements or not? It is probably not in Antonio Guterres brief to make such ex cathedra statements and he would probably do everyone a favour if he worked to solve what is a dreadful humanitarian problem. Perhaps he is biased towards the Western side as the Russians claim, and given his background. Do you understand the determination of The International Court of Justice, or is it a sometimes acting ruling? Is it relevant to the problem at hand, or, heaven forbid, do you think it was a political decision too?

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    3. Unfortunately, the collective west has done exactly the same thing. Without explicit UN sanction. Bombing Libya was never had a UN mandate. The Syrian and Iraqi governments do not want US troops in their countries. But those troops stay. The killing of an Iranian General last year was not exactly in line with international law. The list can go on.

      This is before we get into the situation on the ground in Ukraine with respect to Putin’s claims that he was acting in pre emptive defence of the Donbass republics in accordance with the UN Charter. The UN Secretary General is also simply a servant of the UN, not an arbiter and the current one seems very much in the pockets of the US. Only a UN Security Council Resolution really counts. It is unlucky for the west that Russia possesses a veto but the west uses its power in similar ways too.

      To fixate on this specific violation of international law by Russia without addressing the broader context both within and outside Ukraine is not a fair approach.

      The bigger question is why western leaders seek to make war too and not drive for peace. Suggests they sought this war. The morality is quite complex.

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  5. Ischguet,

    Did NATO set a precedent for this when it attacked Yugoslavia and “bagged” Kosovo? Was that not a breach of international law?

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    1. I did…watched a 5-min MSNBC videoclip of a couple of weeks ago. Wow. Adequate words fail me. (I found these words at a mini-bio; are they pertinent in any sort of related or macro sense? — “An expert on the Holocaust, Snyder is on the Committee on Conscience of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.”)

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      1. I’ve read most of his books; I thought they were very good; he’s a first rate historian, speaks Polish,Ukrainian/Russian, German – who knows what else. He has to know that he’s simply lying; why? Good question.

        Liked by 1 person

  6. Like you, I was annoyed by Lieven’s piece. However, I have not taken the trouble to denounce his position. I’ve done that before, when I addressed his performance at Antwerp University on 11 October last year, see

    https://geopoliticsincontext.wordpress.com/2022/10/11/opiniemakers-about-the-ukrainecrisis-and-reality-about-the-hybrid-war-against-russia-2/

    In Antwerp, Lieven presented his vision on the European and global security architecture in a public lecture and in a seminar for (doctoral) students, against the background of serious current challenges such as the climate crisis, the war in Ukraine, the rise of new superpowers and nuclear proliferation. He spoke on the basis of his Quincy Paper #6, see

    Click to access QUINCY-PAPER-NO.-6-LIEVEN-UPDATED.pdf

    The essence of his argument in Antwerp was that in the event of a Ukrainian defeat, the options are not limited to a direct confrontation between the US and Russia, or leaving Ukraine to its fate and losing credibility. He proposed a political solution that takes into account the wishes of the population and precedents elsewhere in the world.

    Today, he is apparently part of the American propaganda machine.

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  7. If some party pays me money, I’ll keep doing this. Since there appears to be more people with ready money in the anti-Russian faction, I will write whatever to goose your vanity. Just be sure to pay me. I would like to be in a Think Tank too.

    Under other names I also say that Covid vaccines are safe and effective. I also praise Nancy Pelosi and damn The Donald. I want to Op-Ed at legacy media with money to lay out. Whatever your Party Line is – I am your hack. I can change my tune in a flash too. If the light of God shone on Bad Vlad I’ll be quick to praise.

    If some party pays me money…

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